What does "occupancy classification" determine in NFPA 13?

Occupancy classification is a critical element in NFPA 13 as it helps identify the nature of the activities taking place within a building or structure, which in turn influences the design criteria for sprinkler systems. Different occupancy types have varying risks associated with fire load, occupant density, and potential fire behavior, all of which are fundamental in determining how a sprinkler system should be designed.

By classifying a building’s occupancy, designers can select the appropriate sprinkler system features, such as spacing, sprinkler type, water supply requirements, and system installation methods. This ensures that the sprinkler system is effective in providing adequate protection against fire hazards specific to that particular occupancy.

The other choices do not directly relate to the purpose of occupancy classification: while installation costs, building age, and fire alarm maintenance schedules are important aspects of overall fire protection systems, they are not governed by the occupancy classification as defined by NFPA 13.