How is pipe size determined for use in fire sprinkler systems?

In the context of fire sprinkler systems, the determination of pipe size is primarily based on a method known as the pipe schedule. This approach utilizes predetermined values for different pipe sizes established in standards or codes. The pipe schedule method allows for straightforward selection of pipe sizes based on the flow requirements of the system and the number of sprinklers connected to a given branch line.

Using the pipe schedule method, designers can quickly assess the required pipe size to ensure adequate pressure and water flow are maintained throughout the sprinkler system. This is particularly important because it ensures that all sprinklers can deliver their designed performance in case of a fire, providing adequate coverage and effectiveness in fire suppression.

Other options, while relevant to fire sprinkler system design, serve specific roles rather than determining pipe size directly. Demand rating assesses the water supply needs, volume rate indicates how much water is needed over time, and friction calculations help understand losses in the system due to resistance, which can influence design choices but do not directly determine pipe size as the pipe schedule does.